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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク African easterly jet ： ウィキペディア英語版 African easterly jet The African easterly jet, is a region of the lower troposphere over West Africa where the seasonal mean wind speed is maximum and easterly. Forming due to the temperature contrast between the Sahara and the Gulf of Guinea, maximum wind speeds are located at a height of to the north of the monsoon trough. The jet marches northward from its southern location in January, reaching its most northerly latitude in August, and its strongest winds in September while shifting back towards the equator. Within the easterly jet, tropical waves form. Convective complexes associated with these waves can form tropical cyclones. If the feature is suppressed south of its normal location during August and September, tropical cyclogenesis is suppressed. If desertification continues across Sub-Saharan Africa, the strength of this feature would increase, though tropical wave generation is expected to decrease which could decrease the number of tropical cyclones in the Atlantic basin. == Formation and characteristics == During January, it lies at above sea level at the latitude of five degrees north. Winds within it rise from in January to in March. Shifting northward in April to the seventh parallel, winds within the jet increase to . By June, it shifts northward into northwest Africa. The mid-level African easterly jet occurs during the Northern Hemisphere summer between 10°N and 20°N above West Africa, and the nocturnal poleward low-level jet occurs in the Great Plains of east and South Africa.〔Dr. Alex DeCaria. (Lesson 4 – Seasonal-mean Wind Fields. ) Retrieved on 2008-05-03.〕 The formation of the thermal low over northern Africa leads to a low-level westerly jet stream from June into October to the south of the Intertropical Convergence Zone.〔B. Pu and K. H. Cook (2008). (Dynamics of the Low-Level Westerly Jet Over West Africa. ) American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2008, abstract #A13A-0229. Retrieved on 2009-03-08.〕 The jet develops because heating of the West African land mass during the Northern Hemisphere summer creates a surface temperature and moisture gradient between the Gulf of Guinea and the Sahara, and the atmosphere responds by generating vertical wind shear to maintain thermal wind balance. The jet reaches its zenith in August, lying between the 16th and 17th parallels. In September, winds maximize near between the 12th and 13th parallels. The easterly jet weakens and drops southward during October and November.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「African easterly jet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.